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Celedonio Domeco de Jarauta

Lifespan: (1814 – 1848)

Biography

Celedonio Domeco de Jarauta (1814-1848) was born in Zaragoza, Spain. He undertook his studies in this city and joined the Franciscan order. As a young man he supported the pretender Don Carlos and took part in the first Carlist War before becoming a priest. After the Carlist party was vanquished Jarauta set off for Havana and then in 1844 set up house in Veracruz, Mexico. Vázquez, the bishop of Puebla, granted him a parish in this city. However, Jarauta’s notorious bad temper resulted in him being forced to leave this post and he went to live in the convent of the Merced in the port of Veracruz. Here he took up roles in the confessional and in the pulpit. As the U.S. expeditionary army disembarked in Veracruz in 1847 he was named chaplain of the 2nd Infantry under the leadership of Colonel Arzamendi. After this he was entrusted with the chaplaincy of the hospital of blood. He was at the head of a number of Veracruz-based guerilla forces during the U.S. intervention and led several audacious hit and run operations which succeeded in temporarily blocking communications between Jalapa and Veracruz altogether. The North American convoy was held up regularly at various points along the Veracruz-Jalapa road. In order to prevent the U.S. forces from living off the land, Jarauta also had surrounding settlements burnt, prevented travellers from passing, intercepted the post, attacked small military detachments outside the port of Veracruz and acquired a reputation for being a resourceful albeit ruthless guerrilla fighter. When the capital was occupied and the peace treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was eventually signed (2 February 1848), the post-war Mexican government ordered the demobilization of all guerilla forces. From being a hero, Jarauta went on to be persecuted and condemned by the authorities and people of Veracruz and Puebla. He sought out General Mariano Paredes, who ordered him to pronounce in 1848 calling for the annulment of the Peace Treaty endorsed by Congress. Paredes then joined Father Jarauta on 15 July in Guanajuato. Jarauta and Paredes were spotted whilst surveying the terrain with their supporters and surprised by the enemy. A sergeant who knew Jarauta denounced him and he was presented as a prisoner to General Cortázar who sent him to Anastasio Bustamante, who ordered his execution. When notified of this order Father Jarauta asked for twenty four hours to confess his sins and also freedom to write a letter to his mother who still lived in Spain. The latter wish was not granted. At seven o’clock in the morning he received six bullets in the back. Jarauta was buried in the cemetery of the Valenciana.

NP

Signatory of
Plan de Lagos (1 June 1848; Lagos, Jalisco)