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Rómulo Díaz de la Vega

Lifespan: (1800 – 1877)
Profession: Regular army officer, Politician, Interim President

Biography

Rómulo Díaz de la Vega (23 May 1800 – 3 October 1877) was born in Mexico City and was interim president of Mexico in 1855. In 1821 he joined the ranks that proclaimed the Plan of Iguala and the following year he became a cadet. He studied military science at the School of Cadets in 1825 and eventually he reached the rank of general. In 1830 he fought in the War of the South alongside General Nicolás Bravo against General Juan Álvarez and the ousted government of General Vicente Guerrero. In 1833 he was reprimanded for having risen up against the government and was confined to Puebla but in 1835 he re-joined the army. Shortly afterwards he was enlisted in the expeditionary army that was dispatched to Texas to crush the Texan revolution for independence. Díaz de la Vega participated in the assault on the Alamo. Thereafter he settled for two years in Matamoros. In 1838 he fought against the French in the so-called French Pastry War. During the next four years he aligned himself with the government, fighting diverse rebel groups. In 1842 he fought once more against the Texans and in 1846-47 participated in the Mexican-American War fighting in the battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de Guerrero. He was made prisoner by the U.S. forces and sent to New Orleans where he was exchanged for North American prisoners. In 1847 he was named commander general of Mexico City and later second in chief of the Eastern Division ‘División de Oriente’, which fought the battle of Cerro Gordo against Winfield Scott’s invading army. He was taken prisoner by the North Americans for a second time and held in San Juan de Ulúa. He was imprisoned here from April to December as well as in Perote. When peace arrived he was named commander general of Puebla and later of Tamaulipas. In February 1851 he was named commander-general of the Department of Yucatán to pacify the indigenous forces that rose up in the 1847-52 Caste War. His campaign of oppression began in May and lasted for over two years. His military action in the campaign against the Mayas led to him being promoted to division general by Santa Ana in December 1854. In 1855 Díaz de la Vega moved to Tamaulipas both as commander-general and governor. He was subsequently moved to Mexico City where was designated governor and commander-general. As a result of the success of the 1854-55 Revolution of Ayutla President Santa Anna renounced and went into exile. Although General Martín Carrera was chosen as interim president he only took up the post for the brief period between 15 August 1855 and 12 September 1855. Díaz de la Vega replaced him and served as interim president for 22 days from 12 September to 3 October 1855 when he was succeeded by General Juan Álvarez. After his term in office, Díaz de la Vega warmed towards the moderate-conservative factions who went on to endorse the crowning of Habsburg prince and Archduke Maximilian in 1864. He died in poverty in Puebla in October 1877.

NP

Signatory of
Acta de Cadereyta (8 June 1834; Cadereyta, Querétaro)
Manifiesto del ejército que ha operado contra los texanos a la nación mexicana (16 October 1836; Matamoros, Tamaulipas)
Manifiesto de los generales y jefes del Ejército del Norte (6 March 1838; Matamoros, Tamaulipas)
Acta de la brigada que cubre a Matamoros (9 September 1841; Matamoros, Tamaulipas)
Acta de la división de operaciones sobre el centro de la frontera norte (1 January 1843; Camargo, Chihuahua)